Wednesday, October 30, 2019

Students Attending Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Students Attending - Case Study Example This forms a need for research to determine the nature of factors that are intent on making this a challenge and a rising concern. It has been noted that since its inception in the United States, the government continually funded the HBCUs in a bid to raise the number of students from the black minority that are getting higher education. However, the dwindling financial aid to the low-income students and the increased competition from the predominantly white institutions is proving to be a challenge amongst these students. Private colleges and universities did not build up a solid financial base and this has caught up with them at the moment since it is very difficult for them to raise money for institutional resources and the ability to fight of financial starvation in the increasingly competitive environment. The institutions are also fighting for a share in the government support and this financial stand off is really affected the students as the academic experience is not is not of quality (Gayla, 2009). Social factors often have been identified as critical in the success of the African-American students. It was hypothesized that students who participated in social activities are more likely to remain at the university. This is due to social integration and academic integration. This has improved their participation in the academic sector and this implies that this is a good way of relieving stress and increasing performance (MacKay & Kuh, 2004). It is revealed that the environment of predominantl y-White institutions can be more alienating than the environment at historically-Black institutions (Loo & Rolinson, 2006), while attending a historically-Black institution is related to satisfaction with the overall college experience. Unstructured socialization has been seen as the most predominant cause of time wastage among the black students. This has made the people to have less time to do their studies and also less time to attend to the class work. However, individual background and differences have been found out to have a great toll in the way that they adopt to time management schedules and the rate at which they focus in class (Gayla, 2009). This dictates their performance as lack of attention directly affects the there attention status of the students. Perceived stress is another case where the students face clear and distinct analysis of their own feelings about the recurrent issues in their lives. It is true that the hardships they face on a daily basis are enough to make the students feel very disturbed. This makes them not concentrate in class and perform poorer in their academics. The major problem is the racial segregation and also the way in which they can attain basic necessities and the need to be top in what their academics. It is therefore important for researchers to come up with a way to fix these problems and assist the black minority kids in these HBCUs and in the PWI to excel and match the other lucky children from the dominant groups. The basis of this research is in consideration of these factors and also in consideration of the minority groups that have no voice in policy making. It entails the steps that can be taken to help the kids remain in school and also have equal opportunities like the rest of the students in their midst.

Monday, October 28, 2019

Outward and inward investment in Mexico and Brazil Essay Example for Free

Outward and inward investment in Mexico and Brazil Essay This paper compares Brazil and Mexico regarding outward and inward investment, labor costs in both countries and public policies; it also discusses dunning theory in regard to Brazil and Mexico, the comparison between the two countries in terms of investments in which case Brazil is viewed in outward investment while Mexico is viewed in terms of inward investment. The paper also highlights about North America free trade agreement and its relation and effects to both Brazil and Mexico. The J curve: A reduction in the value of a currency as compared to different monetary units varying from one country to the other is what is referred to devaluation. In relation to a country’s trade balance and in which case there is a devaluation this is what is referred to as the J curve. A country’s exchange rate may be lower therefore meaning that exports are much cheaper than the imports. If imports are more expensive it means that the local consumers will find it very hard to buy the imported goods due to their costly prices. Also when the exports are cheaper it means that the foreign consumers will enjoy the affordability of the prices and they will buy more of the exported products and services. In the case of a lower exchange rate it means that the prices of exports are very much lower than those of the imports. Exports sell fore very little foreign currency and hence the foreign consumers buy more due to the low prices. This means that the consumption of the exported goods is higher and hence there is an increase in the exports due to their affordability and also their competitive prices. On the contrary the local consumers cannot afford the imported products since their prices are costlier. It also means that the consumption of imported products by the domestic users will go down due to their being unaffordable though eventually the trade balance may get back to what it was initially. The only reason that may ensure that the imports and exports volumes remain as they were before e is the contracts in a case where there had been an agreement to supply certain products and at a certain price. It means that the both volume and also the reduction in the value of the currency will remain at the same level. However devaluation causes the increase in prices of the imported products, therefore increasing the overall expenses of the imports. It makes the total amount used in imports to increase. For a long period of time devaluation can ensure that the local consumer prefers to buy local products since they are more affordable to them thus keeping away from the imported goods which are much more expensive. Also the demand for exported goods and services goes up. Since the foreign consumers find them more affordable and they find their prices very competitive. Foreign consumers may continue buying the imported goods and keep away from their domestic products since the imported products and services are much cheaper and more affordable to them than their own domestically available products and services. Outward and inward Investment Brazil is an outward investor. Its outward investment has increased over the years although t has also been fluctuating. Brazil practiced foreign direct investment widely, even though it kept fluctuating and sometimes rising sharply. Brazil’s outward investment is directed towards other countries. There has also been a reduction in infrastructure investment, but due to its outward investment it has not affected its company’s labor force. Brazil’s service industries do not require very large investments of capital and still it has managed to provide remarkable services to its foreign clients. It also considers outward investments for financial gains more than anything else. This means that great emphasis is laid on financial transactions other than gains in other services. A large share of Brazils output is through exports. The biggest challenge they face in investing outwardly is inadequate information about markets as well as regulations and rules in those countries where they consider investing. They also face competition from products form other countries and international markets as well as imported products available in their market. In this case they are required to establish key markets of their interests and also create an asset base in order to increase potential for outward foreign direct investment. On the other hand Mexico is open to inward investment. A fall in foreign direct investment prompted Mexico to attract very little international and foreign investments. Domestic investment has also gone down; most of its foreign investment is in ventures held jointly with Mexican firms. Mexico is not as wealthy as Brazil due to its poorly performing public sector but it has been seen to multiply its growth in income. It also has a very authoritative system which was expected to produce high quality public policies with very positive effects. Its policy stability is enhanced by political continuity. Public policies Both Brazil and Mexico are said to be the most attractive in Latin America for foreign investment although Brazil is expected to replace Mexico thus becoming the most attractive while Mexico will fall in the second place. Brazil would like to solidify its position as an emerging country. All rounded in policy making. The country would like to come up with a strategy of development and high level of growth. They have put in place strategies of innovation. Enhanced by agricultural and other fields experts. However thy have faced challenges in trying to implement their innovations. Although their funding for the innovations as well as better legislation has enhanced an improvement achieving the innovations. Major challenges include the lack of clear government guidelines, poor coordination of innovation policies by the government. In Brazil domestic policies are not connected to its international agenda. It’s trying very hard to be domestically innovative which is not the case internationally. Labor costs In Brazil an equivalent job, warrants equal pay. Purchasing power parities determine that equal pay occurs when there is an equal purchasing power. This means that the price levels in different countries are eliminated by the currency conversion. In the year 2003 Mexico and Brazil manufacturing workers earned an hourly wage of $2. 48 and $2. 67 respectively. The cost of living in Mexico is much higher than that of Brazil. Mexico is however considered a middle income country. The North America Free Trade Agreement: The North America free trade agreement is not likely to improve the standards of living and employment in Mexico. Infact it is anticipated to hurt the rural employment in Mexico and prompting worker to migrate to the cities as well as to the united states of America. This is due to the fact that the North America free trade agreement focuses on profits other than wages. However its main focus is investments from the United States of America to Mexico. The investment in manufacturing will not address the issue of unemployment in Mexico since the main focus is not on the employees wages but on profits from the investments. This will cause and increase unemployment due to a reduction in the wages. Conclusion: From the above discussion Brazil is an outward investor. Meaning it participates in direct foreign investment. Its investment is directed to other countries, while Mexico is more open to inward investment, this refers to domestic investments and having shares in both retail and wholesale trade. Most of Mexico’s foreign investment is practiced as joint ventures with other Mexican firms. The cost of living in Mexico is much higher than in Brazil where as the labor costs in Mexico are much lower than those of Brazil. Brazil is the most attractive in foreign investment while Mexico is considered to be a middle income country. The North America free trade agreement favors Brazil since it is more economically liberated than Mexico. Since Mexico is not a rich country, though, it is an upwardly developing income country. Its political system is stable and can manage to come up with agreements to solve its social problems. The reason behind Mexico not being very wealthy or why it is not as economically stable as Brazil, is due to it’s under performing public sector. The political system is authoritarian and is favorable for a good economic growth. It has the approval of North America free trade agreement and has no trade barriers. On the other hand Brazil is seen as an emerging country. More developed than Mexico in terms of strategy of development and innovation. Brazil is all rounded in laying down strategies of development and modes of innovation and it has also been seen to implement its innovations and also it is supported by its government is implementing its innovation strategies. The challenges faced by Mexico is the lack of clear guidelines from its government on development and also a public sector which does not perform very well as well as having experienced a very slow economic growth. As for Brazil the major challenge is lack of information or inadequate information about markets and also the rules and regulations of the foreign countries where they intend to do foreign investment which has to be followed. Another major challenge is the competition faced from other products from other countries and also from the international markets. References: George Grayson (1993) The North American Free Trade Agreement, Foreign Policy Association press,U. S Global alliance (2007) brazil wage gap, retrieved on 11th november, 2008, available at http://74. 125. 113. 104/search? q=cache:UBYFdiNhlXYJ:www. jussemper. org/Resources/Labour%2520Resources/WGC/Resources/WagegapsBra2005. pdf+wage+rate+mexico+and+brazilhl=enct=clnkcd=1gl=ke John Sloan (1994) Public Policy in Latin America: A Comparative Survey, University of Pittsburgh Press, Pittsburgh Robert Gwynne (2005) industrialization and urbanization in Latin America, Routledge press, London Paul Krugman and Maurice Obstfeld (1997) International Economics: Theory and Policy, Addison Wesley publishers, New York. Peter Dickens (1992) Global Shift: The Internationalization of Economic Activity, McGraw Hill publishers, New York.

Saturday, October 26, 2019

Comparing Paintings by Pablo Picasso and Alberto Morrocco Essay

Comparing Paintings by Pablo Picasso and Alberto Morrocco I have decided to contrast and compare paintings by cubist artist Pablo Picasso and contemporary artist Alberto Morrocco. I have studied their paintings to find out their influences and any similarities between their work. I have tried to find a source of their motivation and reason for their interpretations. Firstly, I am going to write about cubist artist, Pablo Picasso. Inspired by artist Paul Cezanne, the father of analytical cubism, Picasso attempted many styles of work. He experimented with different media and use of colour, throughout his artistic career. His paintings reflected his moods and attitudes, which changed several times during the course of his life. As a result of this, groups of his painting can be separated into 'periods'. A very famous period Picasso developed was his 'Blue Period', where the paintings of this time were blue in colour and portrayed him to be unhappy. An example of this is ' The Tragedy' painted in 1903. The painting is of a family standing on a beach, frozen like statues. In my perception, it takes on the image of a snapshot, eternally showing these still lonely figures. The painting looks cold due to Picasso's use of blue, submitting further the idea of unintimacy and absence of love within this solemn family. I understand why Picasso adopted such a melancholy atmosphere; it was a result of his friend committing suicide in 1901. His use of thick brush strokes and realistic perception of a family drowned by the presence of poverty, portray an image of deep sorrow and sadness. A painting that resembles Picasso's 'The Tragedy' is the 'Siesta' by Alberto Morrocco painted in 1971. Picasso and artist Henri Matisse had great influence Alberto Morrocco. Inspiration also came from his principal teacher James Cowie, who encouraged Morrocco to make painting his career. The 'Siesta' shows a female child sleeping naked on a table. Sitting behind her is a woman, presumably her mother, who is awake and holing a sunflower. This also can be perceived as a photographic image. I feel as though the woman is staring directly at the camera, her eyes fixated upon me. This highlights one similarity between Morrocco's 'Siesta' and Picasso's 'The Tragedy' purely by choice of composition. Another similarity I have discovered is that both art... ...to be in this painting, the egg would have rolled off. Both these paintings are similar also in colour. The colours used are bright, strong and effective. I believe that the colour concepts bring each painting to life. Picasso used natural colours to represent the natural significance of the objects in this painting. This makes me feel comfortable and at peace. Morrocco chose olive green, reds and blues to capture the essence of his native Italy. This, in my opinion, gives the painting a special quality and is very pleasing to look at. Picasso's 'Bread Fruit Dish on a Table' is a fantastic example of how he experimented with shape and tried to teach himself and learn through experience the techniques of analytical cubism. He later used this new knowledge to develop cubism further and create a new, unique style which he called synthetic cubism. Alberto Morrocco sought inspiration from Picasso's cubist phase and tried out the style himself. ' Homage a Braque' is a very interesting painting which clearly shows similarities between his paintings and those by Pablo Picasso. However, Morrocco gave an incentive of himself into his painting making it his own masterpiece.

Thursday, October 24, 2019

Management and Steps

|Name: |Date: | Graded Assignment Test Part 2: Thinking and Feeling 1. Write one short-term goal for enhancing your sense of self, and list all of the steps necessary to achieve the goal. The steps to your goal must include how you will deal with the positive and negative influences on your sense of self. (15 points) One goal to enhance my sense in self would to probably be to go to the gym and work out my muscular shape.The steps would include going to the gym daily and following the trainer's instructions on how to build my muscle. The steps might go as follows: 1. Go to gym every day to increase muscular mass. 2. Every night preform a few exercises and such to maintain muscle mass 3. Eat healthy and lots of protein. 4. Take trainers advice of what else must be done. Some positive influences on my sense of self might be my social environment (Lots of close friends who actually will go to the gym with me so it applies to my goal as well).My friends also encourage me in whatever I choose to do. I will welcome this encouragement and it will definitely help me reach my goal. A negative influence might be an internal critic saying that I can't reach my goal and that its way too hard and takes too much time. I will try to ignore this idea and focus on succeeding my goal and won't stop until I do. 2. Imagine you are teaching a fifth grader about health. Write a paragraph for the fifth grader that explains why effective communication is related to health.Include a definition of â€Å"effective communication† in your paragraph. (15 points) Effective communication is being able to talk with someone in a better way, a way that both talkers will understand each other more clearly. Good communication first requires that you know what you are trying to talk to. If you don't know what you are trying to say, it is difficult to communicate an effective message. It also means being able to listen to others, to let them know what you are thinking and feeling, and to sa y â€Å"no† when you need to.Effective communication is important to health because people understand each other a lot better with effective communication. Most people already think they know how to communicate well, that may be true, but how many times have you felt frustrated that someone didn't really understand what you were trying to say? Or that you didn't â€Å"get† what someone was telling you? Or that you agreed to do something you didn't want to do? With effective communication you can learn how to talk and communicate with people better, which is a lot better for your health. 3.Pick a specific mental or emotional problem. List at least 5 signs or symptoms of that problem. Then list at least 3 actions you would take if a friend showed these signs. Then write down one reliable source of help you would use if your friend needed immediate help. (15 points) Five symptoms of depression are: 1) Deep sadness or emptiness 2) Feeling hopeless, guilty, helpless or wort hless 3) Unable to make decisions 4) Weight or appetite changes 5) Wanting to be alone most of the time To help my friend with his problems, first I would suggest a counselor for him to go to.I would never leave him alone and always comfort him at all times. I would always make it clear for my friend that I am there for him and will help him deal with all his problems. 4. Write down one source of stress in your life. List the 3 steps of self-management, and create a plan to manage that stress in a healthy way. Your plan should have at least 4 stress management techniques. (15 points) One source of stress in my life is the large amount of summer course work I have to do. The three steps of self-management include: Identify the stressor. What's bothering you? This is the most important step. * Change or manage the way you respond to the stressor. * Ask for help from a parent or guardian, a trusted friend, a counselor, or another trusted adult. My plan is to practice the three steps of self-management and then practice the following 4 steps: 1. Set realistic goals and prioritize what has to be done 2. Eat nutritious foods and get enough sleep. 3. Relax by deep breathing 4. Take time to do entertaining stuff (play sports, watch tv)

Wednesday, October 23, 2019

Difference Between Korea and America

Recently Weston-McEwen High School has added a new foreign-exchange student. Her name is Soyeong Lee and she is 16 years of age with a birth date of April 7th who came from Yongin, Korea which is an urban area and has a similar climate to Athena, Oregon. This decision was made because her school teacher and parents recommended Soyeong to expand her knowledge by experiencing the American culture.The main reason for the decision was her ambition to learn the language while being here in which she studied for years in Korea; she said,† I struggled with the language at first, but now that I’m here it is a lot easier. † Soyeong has made many friends while attending Weston-McEwen High School, and stated,† The students are very kind. † One of Soyeong’s scariest or weirdest memories here was having a dream where American people she met here spoke Korean.The Froese family chose Soyeong to be her hosts while she’s in America. There are many differen ces between the United States and Korea. Some of the biggest differences include: students in Korea attending school from eight in the morning to ten-o’clock at night, having almost no transportation except riding a lot of busses and taxis, teenagers not being able to drive until they are 20 years old, not being able to own a separate house (unless one is really wealthy) and living in apartments due to population.Soyeong said that the schooling is very different and is taken more seriously. They also have to wear school uniforms and are not allowed to dye their hair or wear make-up. Being away from Korea may sound better to Americans, but Soyeong misses the food, family, and friends as she stated, â€Å"The food here is saltier and greasy†. Obviously this is a huge change for Soyeong, but she likes it here too. Most public schools in the United States allow students to wear make-up and dye their hair.Koreans attend school seven more hours than Weston-McEwen High School and that is Soyeong’s favorite part about being here is having time to actually do activities. Soyeong’s main goal is to learn the full English language and make her understanding of the country better. Soyeong Lee will be attending Weston-McEwen High School until December of 2013 and plans on coming back as an adult to attend a private school in Los Angeles. We all hope your experience is great!

Tuesday, October 22, 2019

Aristotles Views On Politics essays

Aristotle's Views On Politics essays Regime Change We have two great philosophers, Plato and Aristotle. These are great men, whose ideas have not been forgotten over years. Although their thoughts of politics were similar, we find some discrepancies in their teachings. The ideas stem from Socrates to Plato to Aristotle. Plato based moral knowledge on abstract reason, while Aristotle grounded it on experience and tried to apply it more to concrete living. Both ways of life are well respected by many people today. Plato started his teachings in remembrance of his good friend, Socrates. After his death he traveled back to Italy and studied under Pythagoras. Some years later he began The Academy. Much of the curriculum taught was dedicated to the teachings of Socrates. During this time he began to write down his thoughts about politics and development of a regime. Developing different aspects than Socrates. The Republic is the most important dialogue within Platos teaching of politics. It deals with the soul, which, as we k now from the beginning, at the level where one must make choices and decide what one wants to become in this life, and it describes justice as the ultimate form of human, and the ideal one should strive for both in life and in state. Justice as understood by Plato is not merely a social virtue, having only to do with relationship between people, but virtue that makes it possible for one to build their own regime and reach happiness. The Republic is a political, and a work dealing with what traits or virtues one must have, as its whole purpose is to show that the one cannot be separated from the other. Politics is nothing more than the attempts of man to put order or disorder in his social life or regime. There is no way people can bring order in their social life if one does not first put order in their life, nobody is able to lead others unless one first leads oneself. Peoples soul are made up of several parts, as will be sh...

Monday, October 21, 2019

Attacks on Private Hire Taxi Drivers in Oldham Essays

Attacks on Private Hire Taxi Drivers in Oldham Essays Attacks on Private Hire Taxi Drivers in Oldham Essay Attacks on Private Hire Taxi Drivers in Oldham Essay For three days in May 2001 the eyes of the nation, and a sizable part of the world, were on Oldham. The town whose main claim to fame was that it was once the cotton spinning capital of the world was thrust into the limelight for the less worthy reason that it was the scene of the worst racially motivated riots in fifteen years. (Ritchie, 2001) Since the riots of May 2001 there has been an increased occurrence of violent attacks on taxi drivers being reported in both local and national media, these attacks culminated in January 2003 in the murder of Izra Hussain, an Asian private hire taxi driver and father of six. The aim of this report is to try to find out whether these attacks are racially motivated. In the Dictionary of race and Ethnic Relations (1984) E. E. Cashmore defines prejudice as learned beliefs and values that lead an individual or group of individuals to be biased for or against member of particular groups. Prejudice is therefore about what people think and is not necessarily translated into actions. Discrimination, on the other hand, is about actions. Cashmore defines it as the unfavourable treatment of all persons socially assigned to a particular category. Both prejudice and discrimination are often based on stereotypes about particular groups of people. In order to research these attacks we are going to use various methods, making sure that we follow the three most prominent criteria for the evaluation of social research, which are according to Bryman (2001) are reliability, replication and validity. Reliability is concerned with the question of whether the results of a study are repeatable. Reliability according to Bryman is very close to another criterion of research- replication and more especially replicability. It sometimes happens that researchers choose to replicate the findings of others. The final and in many ways the most important criterion of research is validity. Validity is concerned with the integrity of the conclusions that are generated from a piece of research. With these criteria in mind, the following methods of collecting data for this report have been chosen. The main body of data has been gained from a semi-structured interview using a mixture of open and closed questions. A structured interview entails the running of an interview schedule by the interviewer. The aim is for all interviewees to be given exactly the same context of questioning. For the purpose of this research the interviews were conducted in person by visiting the interviewees in their work situation. The sample for this research was taken from private hire taxi drivers, figures from Oldham Metro Councils licensing Department (2003) state that there are approx 800 drivers working and that they are split roughly 60% Asian and 40% UK/White. Given these figures, 20 respondents, 12 Asian and 8 UK/White were chosen. This meant going to various private hire taxi offices in the Oldham area. In a personal interview, the interviewer may respond to signs, such as puzzlement or unease, by restating the question or attempting to clarify the meaning of the question. This may entail prompting, when an interviewer suggests a possible answer to a question to the respondent. Bryman (2001) states that prospective respondents have to be provided with a credible justification for the research in which they are being asked to participate and for giving up their valuable time. The results from the interview were noted by writing down the respondents replies. To back up our main body of research, a quantitative content analysis of local newspaper and taxi trade magazines. In analysis we sought to quantify the contents in terms of predetermined categories. In this case we looked for individual stories, which portrayed physical assaults on taxi drivers, by counting individual stories and then analysing the nature of assault and the types of perpetrators involved. The local newspaper archive was used and sources from the last 2 years were analysed. The analysis of the taxi trade magazine, which was carried out on-line, was used to see if these attacks took place nationally. Bryman (2002) states that content analysis is a very transparent research method; it can allow a certain amount of longitudinal analysis with relative ease. Pawson (1995) argues that formal content analysis is not without its problems. Simply counting the number of items tells you nothing about their significance, and the meanings of the text or images being studied can only be implied. Our research found that out of 20 respondents, 12 where of Asian, Pakistani or Bangladeshi descent, and 8 described themselves as of White UK descent. The age of the respondents was between 25 and 65. Of the 20 respondents 17 were married, 2 were co-habiting and one was single. It should be noted that all of the Asian respondents were married and all had children. All the drivers interviewed described themselves as self-employed private hire taxi drivers. They worked on average 60 hours a week; this was usually split between days and evenings. The evening work was mostly on Friday and Saturday. Shifts of 12 hours were not unusual at busy times. Oldham is a mixed urban and rural town on the edge of the West Pennines, most of the private hire taxi offices (22 in all) are situated in the town centre, but the drivers cover the whole borough. When asked about attacks on private hire driver 19 out of the twenty respondents reported that they had suffered some form of attack or abuse.

Sunday, October 20, 2019

How Long Is the SAT With Breaks

How Long Is the SAT With Breaks SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips The SAT is a marathon that takes up your whole Saturday morning. But exactly how long is it? How long is the SAT with breaks? How long is it with the Essay section? Without it? This article gives the answers to these questions and also offers a few key tips on how to use SAT breaks to your advantage on test day. What Is the Total Time for the SAT Plus Essay Test? Including breaks, the SAT is exactly four hours and seven minutes long.This time includes all sections (Reading Test, Writing and Language Test, Math No Calculator Test, Math Calculator Test, and optional Essay) as well as all breaks. Here is the exact breakdown of time by section: Section Order on Test Total # of Questions Total Time (Minutes) Reading 1 52 65 Break 1 2 - 10 Writing and Language 3 44 35 Math No Calculator 4 20 25 Break 2 5 - 5 Math Calculator 6 38 55 Break 3 7 - 2 Essay (Optional) 8 1 50 There are three breaks throughout the test.There is a 10-minute break after the Reading section and a five-minute break after the Math No Calculator section. For these two breaks, you can leave the room, use the restroom, eat a snack, etc. However, for the final break, which is after the Math Calculator section, you're given just two minutes to stretch next to your desk; you may not leave the room at this time. Use a watch to keep track of your time! What If You're Taking the SAT Without the Essay? If you're taking the SAT without the Essay, the order and timing of the test are the same, except you'll leave right after the Math Calculator section and will not stay for the Essay. The total time for the SAT without the Essay (with breaks) is three hours and 15 minutes. Here is the SAT without Essay chronological timing breakdown: Section Order on Test Total # of Questions Total Time (Minutes) Reading 1 52 65 Break 1 2 - 10 Writing and Language 3 44 35 Math No Calculator 4 20 25 Break 2 5 - 5 Math Calculator 6 38 55 How to Use SAT Breaks to Your Advantage The breaks alwayscome after the 1st, 3rd, and 4th sections, so use themto recharge.Move, stretch, use the restroom, drink water, and eat energy-packed foods.Bananas are great! If you need help picking a snack, we've got alist of excellent ones. It can be hard on your body to sit for so long, so definitely use the breaks to move around. Also, remember that the breaks get shorter as the test continues.The second break is your last chance to use the bathroom or grab a snack before almost two more hours of testing, so be sure to use it! Minions are awesome. What’s Next? Preparing for the SAT? You should read our free ultimate SAT study guide. And if you're taking the test soon, learn how to cram for the SAT. Not sure where you'd like to go to college? Learn how to do college research right, and get help finding yourSAT target score. Hoping to be accepted to atop school? Check out our guides to getting into Harvard and Stanford. Want to learn more about the SAT but tired of reading blog articles? Then you'll love our free, SAT prep livestreams. Designed and led by PrepScholar SAT experts, these live video events are a great resource for students and parents looking to learn more about the SAT and SAT prep. Click on the button below to register for one of our livestreams today!

Saturday, October 19, 2019

Importance of training in public safety Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Importance of training in public safety - Essay Example The topic of the work is related to the discussion of why training in public safety is important and why the idea of its importance should be made public. Special accent is made on the role of Human Resource Management personnel in promoting these public safety policies as well as their importance. Despite the fact, that various organizations put a special stress on the necessity to train personnel in the sphere of public safety, many still neglect it. This is why it is essential to discuss the issue in more details. The work will be designed according to the following outline. The background of the problem should be described, and it is clear that it is connected with both the negligence of personnel towards it and the growing threats for the public safety all over the world. The combination of these two factors makes the issue of public safety training of vital importance. The historical perspective is also essential to make the discussion complete. The research will be made through the various literary sources, and will pay additional attention to the importance of public safety training in the light of the events which regularly take place in the country; it does not only include the threat of terrorist attacks, but accidents of mass murders in public places, while any organization and personnel may become the victims of such crimes. The aim of the work is to make the reader understand that public safety training has become the integral part of the public personnel management, but not only s pecialists, but personnel themselves should pay more attention to this issue, as their lives depend on the way they address training. The key attention will be paid to the role of the HRM in providing public safety training and the imporance of this training in private companies and in public safety organizations as well. Background The background of the problem relating to the importance of training in public safety lies in the fact that accidents of various kinds often become the reason for injuries and deaths, this is why training in the sphere of public safety is essential for the organizations, and this aspect should be made an integral part of the public personnel management. In order to estimate the level at which public safety training should be provided in the various organizations, it is essential to see what knowledge personnel possesses at present. The level of safety knowledge in the modern community is different, and thus among the aims of the present work will be to discover the level of the safety knowledge in the modern community among different personnel, and to relate it to the importance of the public safety training. In order to see the importance of the public safety training in public personnel management, the examples of workplace violence will be taken; they often become the causes of de aths and are neglected in the same way, thus needing special attention. The background of the public safety training issue lies in the fact, that this aspect should not only be made one of the priority ones, but should also exercise various techniques for that. However, the background of the problem is directly connected with the historical perspective which should also be discussed in this work. Historical perspective Not only must an organization see to it that employees' rights are not violated, but it must also provide a safe and healthy working environment. Mondy and Noe (1996)

Answer the questions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 4

Answer the questions - Assignment Example Under such bacterial attack, the body is unable to fight back because of weakened immunity. Because of stress, the brain functioning gets affected negatively as the learning capability of individuals and memory work poorly. The productiveness of an individual is also affected because of stress. Stress hits the brain due to which, people are unable to feel pleasure in anything. The chronic stress and telomeres are connected because chronic stress shortens the telomeres due to which, the aging process is fast. In fact, the stress hormones speed up the shortening of telomeres. The medically serious aging is because of chronic stress. According to the Dutch Hunger Winter study, the children born with fetal stress undergo the consequences of this stress even in their late lives; they have augmented risks of heart diseases, poor health and hypercholesterolemia. Therefore, the health of the children who underwent fetal stress, have dire health consequences. In the tuberculosis crisis, the alpha male baboons, the one who were aggressive and dominant got killed while the other baboons that were left behind led a more calm and non-aggressive life. The troupe lived in much harmony due to which, the stress levels were reduced. The lesson that can be learned here is that people do not worry about their status in society until others make them worried. It means that human beings working in any rank can be satisfied and less stressed out if society does not humiliate them about their ranks. The aggressive people pressurize others due to which, there is more stress with people of lower statuses. The baboons teach us about stress management that we should be more giving than receiving, should have social affiliations, should be friendly and accommodative in place of dominating, and lastly, we should be appreciative and should allow others to express themselves. A stress free life is essential for healthy

Friday, October 18, 2019

Culture unit 9 Human resources Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Culture unit 9 Human resources - Research Paper Example A health care organization must stay on top of the latest technological advances in the medical industry. New technologies can provide more income opportunities, greater productivity, and better efficiency. Quality and patient safety are two principles that must be followed by all health care organizations. Organizations in this industry that do not emphasize creating a corporate culture in which safety is top priority may face unwanted business risks such as the potential of a lawsuit for medical malpractice. Maintaining high quality standards is important towards the success of any organization. A corporate culture can help managers create a platform in which the quality versus cost debate is considered in the decision making process of the executives of the organization. Choosing quality over cost is a better long term strategy because it can increase the customer retention rate of the company. Hospitals have to make changes to their operations to adapt to the changing health care environment of the 21st century. A way to determine the needs of hospitals is by hiring a consultant to assess the business operations of a hospital. Changes in the coverage of medical plans must be closely monitored by hospitals each month. This can prevent a hospital from admitting a patient under the erroneous assumption that the medical plan will pay for the medical procedure. Another change that hospitals must pay attention too is changes in the compensation for medical professionals. Higher labor costs are forcing hospitals to adjust the fees they charge to its customers. A dysfunctional culture often occurs due to the presence of miscommunication and bad relationships among the employees of a firm (Calvert, 2009). There are different steps that companies can take to change dysfunctional cultures. The first step is to emphasize the importance of communication in the workplace. A firm suffering from a dysfunctional culture can implement a feedback system to gain insight

Scope for exploiting Big Data and Big Data Analytics in the local Essay

Scope for exploiting Big Data and Big Data Analytics in the local transport industry - Essay Example With great developments in information and communication technology, most of the data produced every day is generated by people all over the world through social networks; however other types of important data are collected using cameras, GPS equipment, satellites and other devices for many uses. Over the last decade, business strategy has become increasingly dependent on information about potential customers and their characteristics. This data is obtained from the huge collection of data referred to as Big Data through processes like data mining and analyzed to help in business strategy. Analytics is the other method of collecting vital consumer information and it involves real time tracking of consumer characteristics. This paper examines how Big data analytics can be used in the transportation industry to improve quality of service, add value to services and develop applications that will enhance service provision in the industry and reduce loss of time and money. The study has d efined Big data and some of the theories that enable its application as well as examined the benefits and challenges provided by big data analytics in the transportation industry locally and globally. 1.0 Introduction 1.1 Background More data is currently being generated worldwide than at any other point historically. Over the last five years, the volume of data generated globally is estimated to have increased by a factor of six to over 1000 exabytes (Dumbill, 2012). The ‘digital’ universe is expected to reach 8 zettabytes by the year 2015. In general the data explosion is projected to increase with time especially with new data types being developed and increased access to networked devices all over the world including smart phones and geo-positioning devices (Woo et al., 2011). The data being accumulated comes from a wide range of sources. However, the data growth is driven by two main sources working together with decreasing storage costs. The first source for data is the â€Å"internet of things†. A number of sensors collate information on our activities and environment on a daily basis. These connected devices contribute substantially to the amount of information accumulated daily and they are projected to rise from about 4.5 billion devices in 2010 to over 50 billion in 2020 (Dumbill, 2012). The second greatest source of data is the social web of networks where information about human activities is shared on a daily basis. This includes data about human preferences, interests, and locations. On addition to the two major sources of data highlighted above, there are a number of other private sources including hospital records, phone communications, financial transactions, information captured on CCTV and many others. The McKinsey Global Institute has termed big data as the next frontier for competition, innovation, and global productivity (Manyika, 2011). The analysis of masses of unstructured and semi-structured data which some time a go would have been considered prohibitive in terms of time and money is now considered the next step towards business advantage. One of the reasons why this data has turned out to be very important is that great insight can be gained from the data by monitoring the patterns of human interaction. One of the areas in which big data displays great potential is the transportation industry. This is an industry which increasingly showing great requirement for an industrial big data platform. With increasing urbanization and expansion of many cities across the world, traffic management and related challenges are getting bigger by the day. In some of the largest and more congested cities in the

Thursday, October 17, 2019

Immigration in the United States Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Immigration in the United States - Research Paper Example The United States is unable to regularly review its policies on immigration as it is often a thorny political issue especially during the elections (Immigration in the United States, 1). Initially, immigration in the US was majorly European (due to industrialization) followed by the Chinese who arrived after the discovery of gold in California. Much of the current legislation on immigration in the US is based on family unification and some of the rules that have been put in place to deal with illegal immigration include sanctions, fines and penalties for employers who knowingly employ illegal immigrants, stricter border surveillance and enforcement and legalization of unauthorized immigrants who have been residents for five years and over. However, these measures alone are unable to keep out illegal immigrants and so other laws are constantly introduced (such as those that allow arrests, detentions, deportations, stricter penalties for immigration related crimes, barring chances of legal re-entry for illegal immigrants, tracking foreign visitors and denying access to federal public benefits) and the current legislations often amended (Immigration in the United State s, 1). New regulations make it easier for persons with superior US degrees in fields such as science, math and engineering to acquire work visas. Following the 9/11 attacks, units such as the CBP monitor entry and punishes illegal entry at ports, the ICE oversees things such as detentions and removals and the USCIS determines applications, petitions, asylum and refugee requests, among other functions. New stricter rules in the aftermath of these attacks mean tighter border inspections, tracking of foreign born personnel in the US, more stringent visa screening, prohibited issuance of driver’s license to illegal persons and expanded grounds for one to be refused admission, removed or declared fit for asylum/ protection. In addition, collaboration with foreign governments and

Comparative Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Comparative Management - Essay Example Furthermore, it further provides a brief indication to the comparative institutional advantage of both the economies with respect to South Korea and Taiwan. The region of South Korea has seen an immense economic growth after the Second World War ever since the country was freed from the claws of Japanese colonialism in the year 1945. According to Michell (1988), the decade of 1960s had been very crucial as the early period of boom in the country's economy, which mostly took place due to advancements in trade and business activities in South Korea. It was the same period when the South Korean government imposed state rule over the privately owned businesses in order to manage the increasing developmental reforms in the country. The government took all the banks under its control, nationalised them and played an important part in allocating funds for financial activities that resulted in great economic development in the country. Thereafter the government introduced a system with semi-liberalisation of market by privatising the country's major banks in the early 1980s. This action of the government however could not be completely implemented and the government instead allowed relaxations to the banking business and facilitated the growth of non-bank financial institutions so as to infuse a market-oriented system in the country. Jones and SaKong (1980) suggest that the South Korean efforts for the development of economy towards a Liberal Market Economy as that of the United States had been initiated soon after the beginning of the year 1980. However, the government found itself unable to get rid of the chaebol system because of the over-reliance of the country's financial system on them. Therefore, the government was forced to retain interference and control in the management of the private business system. According to Root (1999), the South Korean economic system still depends upon government to look over the business affairs in the country. The government controls the corporations' activities and supports the chaebol companies to stay in the market even after they have become insolvent. This governmental support to the chaebol has led to kind of market in South Korea where the chaebol hold a major share in the ownership of non-bank financial institutions and try to confine the entry of foreign multi-natio nal corporations in the country so as to prevent competition. The government did initially introduce some reforms so as to liberalise the market but still the South Korean business reflects a predominating governmental influence in the private business affairs. Although the government claims to have taken a lot of steps in order to introduce market-based economy in the country. But the existing business system indicates as illuminated by Financial Supervisory Commission (1999) that the South Korean government holds the ownership of the shares of financial institutions and also utilises its influence on the banks to support the remodelling of chaebol corporations. The government co

Wednesday, October 16, 2019

Immigration in the United States Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Immigration in the United States - Research Paper Example The United States is unable to regularly review its policies on immigration as it is often a thorny political issue especially during the elections (Immigration in the United States, 1). Initially, immigration in the US was majorly European (due to industrialization) followed by the Chinese who arrived after the discovery of gold in California. Much of the current legislation on immigration in the US is based on family unification and some of the rules that have been put in place to deal with illegal immigration include sanctions, fines and penalties for employers who knowingly employ illegal immigrants, stricter border surveillance and enforcement and legalization of unauthorized immigrants who have been residents for five years and over. However, these measures alone are unable to keep out illegal immigrants and so other laws are constantly introduced (such as those that allow arrests, detentions, deportations, stricter penalties for immigration related crimes, barring chances of legal re-entry for illegal immigrants, tracking foreign visitors and denying access to federal public benefits) and the current legislations often amended (Immigration in the United State s, 1). New regulations make it easier for persons with superior US degrees in fields such as science, math and engineering to acquire work visas. Following the 9/11 attacks, units such as the CBP monitor entry and punishes illegal entry at ports, the ICE oversees things such as detentions and removals and the USCIS determines applications, petitions, asylum and refugee requests, among other functions. New stricter rules in the aftermath of these attacks mean tighter border inspections, tracking of foreign born personnel in the US, more stringent visa screening, prohibited issuance of driver’s license to illegal persons and expanded grounds for one to be refused admission, removed or declared fit for asylum/ protection. In addition, collaboration with foreign governments and

Tuesday, October 15, 2019

Understanding how asset classes and systematic strategies behave and Thesis

Understanding how asset classes and systematic strategies behave and perform during different macroeconomic environments - Thesis Example Generally, the business cycle phases are distinguished by various economic changes. These economic changes characterizing the cycles may include employment changes, interest rate changes and industrial productivity. Therefore, the business cycle can be referred to a pattern of fluctuation in the GDP (Gross Domestic Product) which affects employees, investors and employers. For instance, a business cycle significantly affects investors, employees and employers who work for a living in the production of services and products, which are in demand (Black 100). The demand for more products fuels inflation and at the same time wages increases. In due time, the demand for products and services decreases as consumers view the prices as unaffordable, this in turn forces the prices to decrease and causes recession. At the end of the cycle, the demand rises as a result of the declining prices as lower prices fuel demand. Therefore, the cycle starts at the beginning once again. When the business cycle is hugely affected by economic factors and does not run smoothly, it can result in the Great depression. Hence, this is the reason behind governments drive to intervene and manage economies (Piros & Pinto 284). Tracking the cycles assists experts in determining the direction and trends of the economy. The business cycle can be beneficial in the equity sector as it can track equity market returns over a given period from months to years (Black 100). In a given period, the economic cycle may differ from one cycle to another; however, there are some trends, which are repetitive and thus are critical in analyzing the fluctuation in determining economic changes. The changes in the economic cycle are vital transformation in the rate of development in the market especially declining and increment in rates of growth in inventories, employment, corporate profits and

Monday, October 14, 2019

Muhammad & Mecca Essay Example for Free

Muhammad Mecca Essay Muhammad, whose name was taken from the Arabic word hamada which means â€Å"to praise, to glorify,† was born in Mecca, Western Arabia, in 570 CE to Abd bin Al-Muttalib and Amina bint Wahb. His parents were believed to be descendants of Abraham and Hagar, the Egyptian slave who mothered Abraham’s son, Ishmael. The story goes that Abraham fled to Mecca with Hagar and Ishmael after his wife, Sarah, also gave birth to a baby boy (Isaac) and became extremely jealous of Hagar and Ishmael. It was with the assistance of Ishmael that Abraham later built the Ka’bah, Islam’s holiest sanctuary, in Mecca. It is now the destination of pilgrims during the hajj (Fisher. 2005). Muhammad married at the age of twenty-five to Khadijah, a forty-year-old businesswoman who owned the caravans which he was managing at the time. His wife later became his main source of support when he was experiencing difficulties during the early years of his mission. Muhammad recounted an incident which happened when he was forty years old. As his story went, an angel appeared to him when he was in a cave in Mt. Hira during one of his spiritual retreats and told him to recite something. Because he was illiterate, he reportedly refused three times. However, the angel insisted and when Muhammad, at last, relented, the angel gave him the words that would later become the Qur’an’s first words. That was the first of a series of revelations, the exact words of which had been: Proclaim! (or Recite! ) In the name Of thy Lord and Cherisher, Who created – Created man, out of A (mere) clot Of congealed blood: Proclaim! And thy Lord Is Most Bountiful,- He Who taught (The use of) the Pen,- Taught man that Which he knew not (Fisher, 2005). That first revelation undoubtedly referred to the creation. It was followed by more revelations which occurred intermittently. Muhammad described the revelations as follows: â€Å"Revelation sometimes comes like the sound of a bell; that is the most painful way. When it ceases I have remembered what was said. Sometimes it is an angel who talks to me like a human, and I remember what he says. † Initially, Muhammad only shared what was revealed to him with his wife and the few people who believed him. However, after three years had elapsed, he was instructed to start preaching to the public what he had received from the revelations (Fisher, 2005). Although he succeeded in winning converts to Islam, his group was persecuted by the Qurayshites (the aristocrats) in spite of the protection provided by his influential uncle, and exiled to an isolated place where they were forced to eat the leaves of trees and the wild foods they could gather in order to survive. The persecution persisted even after his band of Muslim converts was allowed to go back to Mecca after three years. The darkest period in Muhammad’s life was when he turned fifty. It was called the â€Å"Year of Sorrows† because his wife and his uncle who was protecting him died. The Islamic tradition explained that it was approximately during that period of hardship that the â€Å"Night of Ascension† occurred. It was claimed to be the occasion when Muhammad was supposed to have ascended into heaven and met the earlier prophets like Adam, Abraham, and Jesus Christ in Divine proximity, observed what hell and paradise were, and was later blessed by the Divine Presence (Fisher, 2005). As a consequence of the persistent Qurayshite persecution that they experienced in Mecca, however, Muhammad and his Muslim followers decided to leave Mecca and head for Medina in 622 CE. Their migration, which was referred to as the hijrah, is now considered as the beginning of the Muslim era. (Risher, 2005).

Sunday, October 13, 2019

Role of Monetary Policy in Financial Crisis

Role of Monetary Policy in Financial Crisis 1. Introduction To begin with, it is noted that over the last year or so, financial institutions in the major economies have reported losses on a large scale. Some of these have become insolvent, or have had to be taken over or rescued by their governments. The 2008 Global Financial Crisis Credit Crisis has affected millions of Americans specifically and others around the World in general terms. Associated with all of that has been a massive swing in the appetite of the World financial markets for risk, and in their capacity to accept risk. Thus, the result has been a shift from an easily available credit to tight credit. This crisis which began in industrialized countries has shifted dramatically spread to emerging market and developing economies. Many wealthy investors or so have pulled their capital from countries, even those with small levels of perceived risk, and hence causing values of stocks and domestic currencies to plunge. Moreover, the crisis has now moved from containing the contagion to coping with the global recession and changing regulations to prevent a reoccurrence of such a problem. Some security and foreign policy effects of the crisis also are beginning to appear. In addition, policy proposals to change specific regulations as well as the structure of regulation and supervision at both domestically and internationally levels have been coming forth through the legislative process. As one can bear in mind, In June 2009, the Obamas administration announced its plan for regulatory reform of the U.S. financial system. For example, in Congress, numerous bills have been introduced that deal with issues such as establishing a commission or selecting a committee to investigate causes of the financial crisis, provide oversight and greater accountability of the Federal Reserve and Treasury lending activity, acting towards the problems in the housing and mortgage markets, provide funding for the International Monetary Fund, address problems with consumer credit cards and establish a systemic risk monitor. Therefore, the transmission of the crisis from the U.S. and Europe to the rest of the world came through a number of channels. The financial institutions in most emerging market economies had not been involved in practices that are seen in the institutions that populate the financial centers in the major industrial countries. To that extent, financial institutions in the emerging economies either shied away from the more exotic instruments, including such things as credit default swaps and collateralized debt obligations, or were prevented by regulation from holding or trading such instruments. Banking had to come of the most à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“boringà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?, old fashioned ever! (The New York Times has reported on last September 2009 about the moves to replace the bust securitized mortgage market with a similar scheme dealing in life insurance policies, products that are as distasteful as they are foolhardy). The question is, can anything be done to ensure more responsible financial practice? If we are suppose to talk about the US economy, we would notice that President Barak Obama marked the anniversary of Lehman collapse with a plea to bankers to not get complacent, telling them to get their house in order, or else face further regulation. We can indicate that over the past year, the financial male storm has battered the global information and communication technology industry, affecting profits and pushing down the industry in a manner reminiscent of the 2001 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" 2002 dotcom busts. It is gradually finding its feet again, but it isnt out of the woods yet. The global financial tumult has forced a number of companies to reanalyze their cost benefit analysis, ensure efficiency and improve productivity. Companies in sectors such as telecom and finance have already realized the need of IT outsourcing as a solution in the changed market dynamics. Therefore, this research paper provides a review of how the financial crisis has affected many regions of the world, proposals for a regulatory change, indication about the role of Monetary Policy the level of Political Economics that have been intervening in the Financial Crisis. It also identifies some basic challenges facing the globe suggests possible solutions for the Banking Field to overcome the crisis. 2. Literature Review The financial crisis was triggered by the bursting of a credit-fuelled bubble. Regulation and regulators did not cause this fatal bubble, but they did indirectly help it to grow by fostering the illusion of financial security. Many developing country economies are yet growing strongly, though the forecasts have been downgraded in the space of few a few months. What does the turmoil mean for such developing countries? And for how much longer can growth persist? What are the channels through which the crisis could spread to and how are the effects being felt and in what cases? What is the role for development policy and what do policy-makers need to know? Brooke Masters (2009) claimed: So far, most countries are avoiding a regulatory race to the bottom à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" if anything, they are going the other way. The UK, for example, is pressing ahead with its own liquidity rules, while the Netherlands has pushed through curbs on bankers bonuses. Even Singapore, which has long been favored by financiers for its à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“light-touchà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? regulatory regime, considering tightening up its rules. However, Joshua Aizenman (2009) indicated that costly regulation can mitigate the probability of the crisis. We identify conditions where the regulation level supported by the majority is positive after the reform, but below the socially optimal level. A big portion of the financial crisis has had to do with under regulation and regulator duplicity with malefactors. If we look at the banking rules, we shall discover that allowing investment and commercial banks to merge, without a specification of a tighter capital rules, and hence, these new mega banks became overleveraged without examining their loans or the instruments that derived from the bad loans these banks made in the first place. In his writings about Liberalism Ludwig von Mises (1927) indicated that government intervention in markets would lead inevitably to unintended consequences that resulted in further government intervention. It is difficult to correct a problem when the cause of the problem is misunderstood. The presidential and vice-presidential candidates in the United States have all said that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Wall Street greedà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? has led to the financial mess we are in. On the very face of it, this does not seem likely. Even if greed leads to problems, is it possible that greed has suddenly become much greater than before? To raise an interest rate at some a time is a mistake and is likely to make a bad situation even worse. In many respects, central banks, including the Federal Reserve, have drawn heavily on important threads of monetary policy research in responding to the financial crisis. Lang Wang (2005) had explained with a binding capital requirement, the effects on bank lending supply depend on the size, the capital level, the balance sheet liquidity of banks and the capital distribution and market structure in the banking sector. In a similar context, Thorbecke (1997) finds that expansive monetary policy tends to increase ex-post stock returns. He reported that small firms tend to be affected more severely by the change in monetary policy stance. In addition, Paul Krugman (1999) indicated But when a financial disaster struck Asia, the policies those countries followed in response were almost exactly the reverse of what the United States does in the fact of a slump. Currently the traditional monetary policy of the Federal Reserve is to focus on targeting the federal funds rate, now that this rate has approached the zero-bound; it has shifted to focus on other ways to lower the cost of credit in the marketplace. Federal Reserve programs have intended to offset disruptions to interbank lending short-term credit financing. Since the credit crunch is caused by conservative lending policies during periods of financial duress and reduced profitability, one may finds that monetary policy is somehow ineffective in alleviating the credit crunch. Instead loan regulation can erase it. George Macesich (1992) argued that the poor performance of monetary policy can be attributed historically to the ease with which money has so often been made a political issue. He stated that For Monetary Policy to be credible, and thus successful, the hands of the Monetary Policy- makers are better tied than left free. Sun Ruijun and Bao Erwen (2008) have reported The in-depth development of economic globalization has made economic ties and interdependence between countries even closer, boosting the sustained growth of world economy, and benefiting many countries. The global financial crisis is more than just an economic event: It puts pressure on the geopolitical system and is driving states to change their behavior. Taking a snap shot on the GCC states, one can clearly define how largely it has been insulated from the global credit crunch because they are the proud owners of some of the worlds largest oil deposits. Much of this has been caused by massive infrastructure and development projects such as Qatars liquefied natural gas facilities, Dubais fanciful real estate explosion and Bahrains attempts to convert itself into a financial Mecca. The economic system has an effect on the political outcomes. Well-functioning financial institutions, in turn, can increase the political support for anti-corruption measures. Kira Boerner Christa Hainz (2006) argued When banks possess a perfect screening technology that allows them to deny credit to those debtors who use the money for financing an entry fee, the corrupt officials will still borrow from their relatives. However, compared to the case without financial institutions, the interest of corrupt officials and relatives in corruption decreases: Both parties have the opportunity to save at a bank. In similar terms, Torsten Persson (2000) had explained Economic policy is the equilibrium outcome of a well defined no cooperative game under preemptive assumptions about economic political behavior. At all levels, the present financial crisis requires a co-ordinate response on a global scale. The real risk to the world economy is the temptation to revert to protectionism by each individual country in order to solve their own domestic problems. 3. Research Methodology In choosing the correct research method to be used in this research paper, the survey research method by Questionnaires will be the basic research design. Each respondent will be supplied with a questionnaire titled How banks can overcome the Global Financial Crisis? The questionnaire is estimated to take no longer than 6 minutes for each reached individual regardless of the age. A survey of 68 individuals located in many counties throughout the country will provide the database for this study. The sample was selected on a probability basis from as much decision maker playing role individuals as possible in Bahrain. The questionnaire took place in Bahrain the response from the respondents took almost one week. Questionnaires were distributed randomly depending on many aspects such as: age, gender, employment condition most important of all, the level of knowledge regarding the topic under study. This research paper sampling volume totaled 68, out of which, males represented 38 and the rest 30 were for females. The original sample was 70, in which the researchers found that 2 individuals were students below the age of 18 and were unemployed. That made a quiet confusing decision to remove the two from the total sample, since at that age and being unemployed is not a truly decision maker respondent. 4. Challenges As the world look beyond the economic crisis, what are the most urgent challenges that are needed to be addressed? Gaining a proper perspective on the crisis itself is a first challenge. In recent decades, it has been demonstrated that a market which operates responsibly offers a more secure life and a best hope to people who seek a better standards of living wherever in the world they may live. This is absolutely fundamental. While it is true that the direct causes of the crisis the combustible mixture of excess leverage in both consumer and financial markets, the bank failures, the credit collapse have led to some painful consequences, it would be folly to conclude that the foundations of market economics have been irreparably damaged. A second challenge facing the Global is how to deal intelligently with the huge fiscal challenges ahead. The response of central banks and governments to the economic crisis may very well have averted a global catastrophe. However, massive fiscal obligations have been assumed by governments and this might take many years to unwind. What is needed is for countries to create and develop smart à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“exità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? strategies. Furthermore, as the private sector returns to some growth, this requires a determined pullback in government expenditure. Not an easy task: as we all know, the politics of unwinding government programs can be daunting. Here political courage and good public policy go hand in hand. The third challenge needs an urgent attention. It is acknowledged that the global economy is out of balance and that this is one of the reasons for the financial crisis. Massive reliance on external demand carries with it real consequences as does the excessive reliance on foreign investors to finance consumption and deficits for long periods of time. As one could realize, such imbalances can cause serious and long-lasting economic damage. There is also the challenge, or opportunity, of what to do with a countrys immense foreign exchange reserves. A Chinese think tank has come up with an exciting idea: that the reserves could be put to good use through the development of a Marshall Plan for Africa, Asia and Latin America. Such a development fund, or loan facility, would increase living standards in the targeted countries. The fifth challenge is enormously complex challenge that deserves attention. Sometimes we feel that we have loaded so many expectations onto the climate change agenda that it cannot help but fail. You would think that tackling this issue will give us infinite new sources of cleaner energy, and allow for the transfer of substantial amounts of financial and technological support to emerging economies. On the global side, No existing architecture is found to be proficient in preventing global crises from erupting. Since financial crises occur even in relatively tightly regulated economies, the likelihood that a supranational influence could prevent an international crisis from occurring is questionable. The financial crisis has been characterized as a à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“wake-up callà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? for investors who had put their faith confidence in. For example, credit ratings placed on securities by credit rating agencies operating under what some have referred to as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“wicked incentives and conflicts of interest.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? Moving forward to a sixth challenge, the Council on Foreign Relations explained the problem in a report on systemic regulation, as follows: One regulatory organization in each country should be responsible for overseeing the health and stability of the overall financial system. The role of the systemic regulator should include gathering, analyzing, and reporting information about significant interactions between and risks among financial institutions; designing and implementing systemically sensitive regulations, including capital requirements; and coordinating with the fiscal authorities and other government agencies in managing systemic crises. We argue that the central bank should be charged with this important new responsibility. Centers of financial activity such as New York, London, and Tokyo, race with each other and multinational firms can determine where to carry out particular financial transactions. This is to be addresses as one of the considerations in policy making. A seventh challenge is that a large financial institution that may be defined as large to fail represents the heavy arm that the world economy depends greatly on. If an institution is considered to be à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“unsuccessful too big to fail,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? its bankruptcy would cause a major risk collapse to the system as a whole. Yet, if there is an implicit promise of governmental support in case of failure, the government may create a moral hazard, which is the motivation for an entity to be engaged in somewhat risky behavior, knowing that the government will rescue it if it fails. A further challenge is that the nature and size of accumulating financial and systemic risks have not been well identified by the existing micro regulation. It even didnt impose appropriate remedial actions. Even though some analysts and institutions were sounding alarms before the crisis erupted, there were hardly any regulatory tools available to handle with the increase of risk in the system as a whole or the risks being forced by other firms either in the same or different sectors. It seemed to be an insufficient response to some of these risks either by the authorities responsible for the mistake of individual financial institutions or specific market segments. A last fundamental challenge deals with the nature of regulation and supervision. Banking regulation tends to be specific and detailed and places requirements and limits on bank behavior. Federal securities regulation, however, is based primarily on disclosure. Registration with the Securities and Exchange Commission is required, but that registration does not imply that an investment is safe or secured, only that the risks have been fully disclosed! 5. Analysis Discussion When the U.S financial System falls down, it may bring major parts of the rest of the world down with it. The global financial crisis has opened the World eye on an important point: that the United States is still a major center of the financial world. Hence, Regional financial crises (such as the Asian financial crisis, Japans banking crisis or even the current Dubais Credit Crisis) can occur without seriously infecting the rest of the global financial system as does the United States economy. The reason behind, is that the United States is the main guarantor of the international financial system, the provider of dollars widely used as currency reserves and as an international intermediate for exchange, besides being a contributor to much of the financial capital that around the world seeking higher yields. The rest of the world may not appreciate it, but a financial crisis in the United States often takes on a global hue. To analyze the questionnaire, the researchers have used the SPSS program and the regression analysis in order to define some relationships that best help identify the problem under study. The descriptive statistical analyses questionnaire will be used, including calculations of sampling error, and statistical adjustments for unequal selection probabilities. Cross-classification analyses with demo-graphic, ANOVA, linear regression and T-Test is much more applied in order to explain some judgments. Since the researchers think that the gender is one of the independent variables that could test many hypothesis, three hypothesis were applied based on the dependant variable: First Hypothesis: There is no relationship between gender and understanding what is going on in the current financial news. Second Hypothesis: There is no relationship between gender and being informed about the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Global Financial Crisisà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?. Third Hypothesis: There is no relationship between gender and the decision that thinks of governments around the world should take in the financial sector towards their economies. The table below, represents the Statistical Data Analysis of the designed questionnaire: Table 1: SPSS Statistics for all questionnaire questions One-Sample Test    Question No.    Test Value = 0 Test Value = 0 N t df Sig. (2-tailed) Mean Difference 95% Confidence Interval of the Difference t df Sig. (2-tailed) Mean Difference 95% Confidence Interval of the Difference    Lower Upper Lower Upper Question_1 68 23.758 67 0 1.441 1.32 1.56 23.758 67 0 1.441 1.32 1.56 Question_2 68 17.636 67 0 4.206 3.73 4.68 17.636 67 0 4.206 3.73 4.68 Question_3 68 21.715 67 0 1.706 1.55 1.86 21.715 67 0 1.706 1.55 1.86 Question_4 68 22.401 67 0 3.868 3.52 4.21 22.401 67 0 3.868 3.52 4.21 Question_5 68 13.683 67 0 2.074 1.77 2.38 13.683 67 0 2.074 1.77 2.38 Question_6 68 8.596 67 0 2.029 1.56 2.5 8.596 67 0 2.029 1.56 2.5 Question_7 68 10.618 67 0 3.5 2.84 4.16 10.618 67 0 3.5 2.84 4.16 Question_8 68 17.868 67 0 2.191 1.95 2.44 17.868 67 0 2.191 1.95 2.44 Question_9 68 23.953 67 0 2.676 2.45 2.9 23.953 67 0 2.676 2.45 2.9 Question_10 68 15.557 67 0 5.059 4.41 5.71 15.557 67 0 5.059 4.41 5.71 Question_11_1 68 14.691 67 0 3.529 3.05 4.01 14.691 67 0 3.529 3.05 4.01 Question_11_2 68 18.302 67 0 4.809 4.28 5.33 18.302 67 0 4.809 4.28 5.33 Question_11_3 68 21.056 67 0 5.029 4.55 5.51 21.056 67 0 5.029 4.55 5.51 Question_11_4 68 17.835 67 0 4.426 3.93 4.92 17.835 67 0 4.426 3.93 4.92 Question_11_5 68 20.978 67 0 4.897 4.43 5.36 20.978 67 0 4.897 4.43 5.36 Question_12 68 16.241 67 0 2.735 2.4 3.07 16.241 67 0 2.735 2.4 3.07 Question_13 68 14.707 67 0 2.676 2.31 3.04 14.707 67 0 2.676 2.31 3.04 Question_14 68 26.329 67 0 2.765 2.56 2.97 26.329 67 0 2.765 2.56 2.97 Anova Model Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. 1 Regression 4.074 1 4.074 4.173 .045a Residual 64.440 66 .976       Total 68.515 67          a. Predictors: (Constant), Question_1          b. Dependent Variable: Question_8          Coefficientsa Model Unstandardized Coefficients Standardized Coefficients t Sig. B Std. Error Beta 1 (Constant) 1.481 .368    4.025 .000 Question_1 .493 .241 .244 2.043 .045 a. Dependent Variable: Question_8          Table 2: Anova statistics coefficients relationship Q1 Q8 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" Hypothesis. From the Questionnaire, we have selected the relationship among the following questions. However, Gender will always be constant. Question (1): Please indicate your gender: Male Female Question (8): In general, how knowledgeable do you consider yourself to be when it comes to understanding what is going on in the current financial news? I know enough to be able to explain whats happening in the financial industry to other people. I understand enough to make sense of the detail behind the financial news stories. I just follow the headlines but my understanding of financial news is fairly vague. I dont really understand whats going on in the financial news. Question_8: On the One-Sample Test it is showed that the Significance is = 0.00 which is less than 0.05, so we reject any initial premise that the average Question_8 is not equal to 0. Since the answer to this question fell where the value of t = 17.868, positive, meaning that people have a significant understanding and knowledge about the current financial news. About 35.3 % of the answers to question 8 went in to that both, males females find themselves having enough understanding to make sense of the detail behind the financial news stories. On lower confidence levels, 29.4% find themselves confident enough to answer bitterly regarding the financial crisis. Question (9): How informed are you about the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Global Financial Crisisà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? that is said to be impacting the U.S. economy the rest of the Globe? Very informedà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ I have actively sought additional information on this story. Somewhat informedà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ I know a bit about it, but wouldnt be able to hold my own in a conversation about it. Informedà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ Ive read/seen stories about it when Ive come across them in the news. Not informed at allà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ I dont know anything about this story. Question_9: The mean for this particular sample is 2.68, which is statistically significantly different from the test value of Zero.  34 out of 68 sample volume representing almost 50% who have been really informed to have read/seen stories about the global financial crisis when coming across it in the news. The researchers find that the relationship between gender and being informed about the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Global Financial Crisisà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? is positive with (.493) and based on the t-value of (2.043) and p-value of (0.045), this relationship is statistically significant.   Hence, there is a statistically significant positive linear relationship between people gender being informed and know ledged enough about the crisis. Question (13): What role, if any, do you think that governments around the world should take in the financial sector towards their economies? Hands onà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ the government should intervene whenever the financial sector is at risk. Intermediaryà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ the government should act as an intermediary between concerned parties. Laissez Faireà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ the government should not interfere with economic affairs beyond the minimum. Completely hands offà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ the government should let Wall Street solve its problems on its own. Case by caseà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ the government should take a case-by-case approach. ANOVAb Model Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. 1 Regression 14.714 1 14.714 7.132 .010a Residual 136.168 66 2.063       Total 150.882 67          a. Predictors: (Constant), Question_1          b. Dependent Variable: Question_13          Coefficientsa Model Unstandardized Coefficients Standardized Coefficients t Sig. B Std. Error Beta 1 (Constant) 1.326 .535    2.480 .016 Question_1 .937 .351 .312 2.671 .010 a. Dependent Variable: Question_13          Table 3: Anova statistics coefficients relationship Q1 Q13 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" Hypothesis. The relationship between gender and the choice to think of the role that governments around the world should take in the financial sector towards their economies is positive (.937). Based on the t-value (2.671) and p-value (0.010), it is to be clarified that this relationship is statistically significant.   Hence, there is a statistically significant positive linear relationship. Most of the questionnaires answer to question 13 went to choose that the role of government can be best suggested as to: Hands onà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ the government should intervene whenever the financial sector is at risk. Question (4) Which of the following best describes the highest level of education you have attained? Some high school High school graduate Some college College graduate Some post graduate studies Post graduate degree Question (13): What role, if any, do you think that governments around the world should take in the financial sector towards their economies? 1 Hands onà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ The government should intervene whenever the financial sector is at risk.    3 1 7 1 8 2 Intermediaryà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ The government should act as an intermediary between concerned parties.    2 7 3 1 2 3 Laissez Faireà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ The government should not interfere with economic affairs beyond the minimum.    3 7 4 -   1 4 Completely hands offà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ The government should let Wall Street solve its problems on its own.    1    2    -   5 Case by caseà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ The government should take a case-by-case approach. 1 2 3 4    5 Table 4: Cross Checking Analysis between Q4 Q13. To provide a better understanding of a cross classification, the table below indicates that, most of people holding a college degree, agreed with the choice that governments should intervene whenever the financial sector is at risk and in need for its support. Therefore, we see that the Global Financial Crisis can be broken down into major phases. Although each phase has a policy focus, it seemed that until t Role of Monetary Policy in Financial Crisis Role of Monetary Policy in Financial Crisis 1. Introduction To begin with, it is noted that over the last year or so, financial institutions in the major economies have reported losses on a large scale. Some of these have become insolvent, or have had to be taken over or rescued by their governments. The 2008 Global Financial Crisis Credit Crisis has affected millions of Americans specifically and others around the World in general terms. Associated with all of that has been a massive swing in the appetite of the World financial markets for risk, and in their capacity to accept risk. Thus, the result has been a shift from an easily available credit to tight credit. This crisis which began in industrialized countries has shifted dramatically spread to emerging market and developing economies. Many wealthy investors or so have pulled their capital from countries, even those with small levels of perceived risk, and hence causing values of stocks and domestic currencies to plunge. Moreover, the crisis has now moved from containing the contagion to coping with the global recession and changing regulations to prevent a reoccurrence of such a problem. Some security and foreign policy effects of the crisis also are beginning to appear. In addition, policy proposals to change specific regulations as well as the structure of regulation and supervision at both domestically and internationally levels have been coming forth through the legislative process. As one can bear in mind, In June 2009, the Obamas administration announced its plan for regulatory reform of the U.S. financial system. For example, in Congress, numerous bills have been introduced that deal with issues such as establishing a commission or selecting a committee to investigate causes of the financial crisis, provide oversight and greater accountability of the Federal Reserve and Treasury lending activity, acting towards the problems in the housing and mortgage markets, provide funding for the International Monetary Fund, address problems with consumer credit cards and establish a systemic risk monitor. Therefore, the transmission of the crisis from the U.S. and Europe to the rest of the world came through a number of channels. The financial institutions in most emerging market economies had not been involved in practices that are seen in the institutions that populate the financial centers in the major industrial countries. To that extent, financial institutions in the emerging economies either shied away from the more exotic instruments, including such things as credit default swaps and collateralized debt obligations, or were prevented by regulation from holding or trading such instruments. Banking had to come of the most à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“boringà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?, old fashioned ever! (The New York Times has reported on last September 2009 about the moves to replace the bust securitized mortgage market with a similar scheme dealing in life insurance policies, products that are as distasteful as they are foolhardy). The question is, can anything be done to ensure more responsible financial practice? If we are suppose to talk about the US economy, we would notice that President Barak Obama marked the anniversary of Lehman collapse with a plea to bankers to not get complacent, telling them to get their house in order, or else face further regulation. We can indicate that over the past year, the financial male storm has battered the global information and communication technology industry, affecting profits and pushing down the industry in a manner reminiscent of the 2001 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" 2002 dotcom busts. It is gradually finding its feet again, but it isnt out of the woods yet. The global financial tumult has forced a number of companies to reanalyze their cost benefit analysis, ensure efficiency and improve productivity. Companies in sectors such as telecom and finance have already realized the need of IT outsourcing as a solution in the changed market dynamics. Therefore, this research paper provides a review of how the financial crisis has affected many regions of the world, proposals for a regulatory change, indication about the role of Monetary Policy the level of Political Economics that have been intervening in the Financial Crisis. It also identifies some basic challenges facing the globe suggests possible solutions for the Banking Field to overcome the crisis. 2. Literature Review The financial crisis was triggered by the bursting of a credit-fuelled bubble. Regulation and regulators did not cause this fatal bubble, but they did indirectly help it to grow by fostering the illusion of financial security. Many developing country economies are yet growing strongly, though the forecasts have been downgraded in the space of few a few months. What does the turmoil mean for such developing countries? And for how much longer can growth persist? What are the channels through which the crisis could spread to and how are the effects being felt and in what cases? What is the role for development policy and what do policy-makers need to know? Brooke Masters (2009) claimed: So far, most countries are avoiding a regulatory race to the bottom à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" if anything, they are going the other way. The UK, for example, is pressing ahead with its own liquidity rules, while the Netherlands has pushed through curbs on bankers bonuses. Even Singapore, which has long been favored by financiers for its à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“light-touchà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? regulatory regime, considering tightening up its rules. However, Joshua Aizenman (2009) indicated that costly regulation can mitigate the probability of the crisis. We identify conditions where the regulation level supported by the majority is positive after the reform, but below the socially optimal level. A big portion of the financial crisis has had to do with under regulation and regulator duplicity with malefactors. If we look at the banking rules, we shall discover that allowing investment and commercial banks to merge, without a specification of a tighter capital rules, and hence, these new mega banks became overleveraged without examining their loans or the instruments that derived from the bad loans these banks made in the first place. In his writings about Liberalism Ludwig von Mises (1927) indicated that government intervention in markets would lead inevitably to unintended consequences that resulted in further government intervention. It is difficult to correct a problem when the cause of the problem is misunderstood. The presidential and vice-presidential candidates in the United States have all said that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Wall Street greedà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? has led to the financial mess we are in. On the very face of it, this does not seem likely. Even if greed leads to problems, is it possible that greed has suddenly become much greater than before? To raise an interest rate at some a time is a mistake and is likely to make a bad situation even worse. In many respects, central banks, including the Federal Reserve, have drawn heavily on important threads of monetary policy research in responding to the financial crisis. Lang Wang (2005) had explained with a binding capital requirement, the effects on bank lending supply depend on the size, the capital level, the balance sheet liquidity of banks and the capital distribution and market structure in the banking sector. In a similar context, Thorbecke (1997) finds that expansive monetary policy tends to increase ex-post stock returns. He reported that small firms tend to be affected more severely by the change in monetary policy stance. In addition, Paul Krugman (1999) indicated But when a financial disaster struck Asia, the policies those countries followed in response were almost exactly the reverse of what the United States does in the fact of a slump. Currently the traditional monetary policy of the Federal Reserve is to focus on targeting the federal funds rate, now that this rate has approached the zero-bound; it has shifted to focus on other ways to lower the cost of credit in the marketplace. Federal Reserve programs have intended to offset disruptions to interbank lending short-term credit financing. Since the credit crunch is caused by conservative lending policies during periods of financial duress and reduced profitability, one may finds that monetary policy is somehow ineffective in alleviating the credit crunch. Instead loan regulation can erase it. George Macesich (1992) argued that the poor performance of monetary policy can be attributed historically to the ease with which money has so often been made a political issue. He stated that For Monetary Policy to be credible, and thus successful, the hands of the Monetary Policy- makers are better tied than left free. Sun Ruijun and Bao Erwen (2008) have reported The in-depth development of economic globalization has made economic ties and interdependence between countries even closer, boosting the sustained growth of world economy, and benefiting many countries. The global financial crisis is more than just an economic event: It puts pressure on the geopolitical system and is driving states to change their behavior. Taking a snap shot on the GCC states, one can clearly define how largely it has been insulated from the global credit crunch because they are the proud owners of some of the worlds largest oil deposits. Much of this has been caused by massive infrastructure and development projects such as Qatars liquefied natural gas facilities, Dubais fanciful real estate explosion and Bahrains attempts to convert itself into a financial Mecca. The economic system has an effect on the political outcomes. Well-functioning financial institutions, in turn, can increase the political support for anti-corruption measures. Kira Boerner Christa Hainz (2006) argued When banks possess a perfect screening technology that allows them to deny credit to those debtors who use the money for financing an entry fee, the corrupt officials will still borrow from their relatives. However, compared to the case without financial institutions, the interest of corrupt officials and relatives in corruption decreases: Both parties have the opportunity to save at a bank. In similar terms, Torsten Persson (2000) had explained Economic policy is the equilibrium outcome of a well defined no cooperative game under preemptive assumptions about economic political behavior. At all levels, the present financial crisis requires a co-ordinate response on a global scale. The real risk to the world economy is the temptation to revert to protectionism by each individual country in order to solve their own domestic problems. 3. Research Methodology In choosing the correct research method to be used in this research paper, the survey research method by Questionnaires will be the basic research design. Each respondent will be supplied with a questionnaire titled How banks can overcome the Global Financial Crisis? The questionnaire is estimated to take no longer than 6 minutes for each reached individual regardless of the age. A survey of 68 individuals located in many counties throughout the country will provide the database for this study. The sample was selected on a probability basis from as much decision maker playing role individuals as possible in Bahrain. The questionnaire took place in Bahrain the response from the respondents took almost one week. Questionnaires were distributed randomly depending on many aspects such as: age, gender, employment condition most important of all, the level of knowledge regarding the topic under study. This research paper sampling volume totaled 68, out of which, males represented 38 and the rest 30 were for females. The original sample was 70, in which the researchers found that 2 individuals were students below the age of 18 and were unemployed. That made a quiet confusing decision to remove the two from the total sample, since at that age and being unemployed is not a truly decision maker respondent. 4. Challenges As the world look beyond the economic crisis, what are the most urgent challenges that are needed to be addressed? Gaining a proper perspective on the crisis itself is a first challenge. In recent decades, it has been demonstrated that a market which operates responsibly offers a more secure life and a best hope to people who seek a better standards of living wherever in the world they may live. This is absolutely fundamental. While it is true that the direct causes of the crisis the combustible mixture of excess leverage in both consumer and financial markets, the bank failures, the credit collapse have led to some painful consequences, it would be folly to conclude that the foundations of market economics have been irreparably damaged. A second challenge facing the Global is how to deal intelligently with the huge fiscal challenges ahead. The response of central banks and governments to the economic crisis may very well have averted a global catastrophe. However, massive fiscal obligations have been assumed by governments and this might take many years to unwind. What is needed is for countries to create and develop smart à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“exità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? strategies. Furthermore, as the private sector returns to some growth, this requires a determined pullback in government expenditure. Not an easy task: as we all know, the politics of unwinding government programs can be daunting. Here political courage and good public policy go hand in hand. The third challenge needs an urgent attention. It is acknowledged that the global economy is out of balance and that this is one of the reasons for the financial crisis. Massive reliance on external demand carries with it real consequences as does the excessive reliance on foreign investors to finance consumption and deficits for long periods of time. As one could realize, such imbalances can cause serious and long-lasting economic damage. There is also the challenge, or opportunity, of what to do with a countrys immense foreign exchange reserves. A Chinese think tank has come up with an exciting idea: that the reserves could be put to good use through the development of a Marshall Plan for Africa, Asia and Latin America. Such a development fund, or loan facility, would increase living standards in the targeted countries. The fifth challenge is enormously complex challenge that deserves attention. Sometimes we feel that we have loaded so many expectations onto the climate change agenda that it cannot help but fail. You would think that tackling this issue will give us infinite new sources of cleaner energy, and allow for the transfer of substantial amounts of financial and technological support to emerging economies. On the global side, No existing architecture is found to be proficient in preventing global crises from erupting. Since financial crises occur even in relatively tightly regulated economies, the likelihood that a supranational influence could prevent an international crisis from occurring is questionable. The financial crisis has been characterized as a à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“wake-up callà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? for investors who had put their faith confidence in. For example, credit ratings placed on securities by credit rating agencies operating under what some have referred to as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“wicked incentives and conflicts of interest.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? Moving forward to a sixth challenge, the Council on Foreign Relations explained the problem in a report on systemic regulation, as follows: One regulatory organization in each country should be responsible for overseeing the health and stability of the overall financial system. The role of the systemic regulator should include gathering, analyzing, and reporting information about significant interactions between and risks among financial institutions; designing and implementing systemically sensitive regulations, including capital requirements; and coordinating with the fiscal authorities and other government agencies in managing systemic crises. We argue that the central bank should be charged with this important new responsibility. Centers of financial activity such as New York, London, and Tokyo, race with each other and multinational firms can determine where to carry out particular financial transactions. This is to be addresses as one of the considerations in policy making. A seventh challenge is that a large financial institution that may be defined as large to fail represents the heavy arm that the world economy depends greatly on. If an institution is considered to be à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“unsuccessful too big to fail,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? its bankruptcy would cause a major risk collapse to the system as a whole. Yet, if there is an implicit promise of governmental support in case of failure, the government may create a moral hazard, which is the motivation for an entity to be engaged in somewhat risky behavior, knowing that the government will rescue it if it fails. A further challenge is that the nature and size of accumulating financial and systemic risks have not been well identified by the existing micro regulation. It even didnt impose appropriate remedial actions. Even though some analysts and institutions were sounding alarms before the crisis erupted, there were hardly any regulatory tools available to handle with the increase of risk in the system as a whole or the risks being forced by other firms either in the same or different sectors. It seemed to be an insufficient response to some of these risks either by the authorities responsible for the mistake of individual financial institutions or specific market segments. A last fundamental challenge deals with the nature of regulation and supervision. Banking regulation tends to be specific and detailed and places requirements and limits on bank behavior. Federal securities regulation, however, is based primarily on disclosure. Registration with the Securities and Exchange Commission is required, but that registration does not imply that an investment is safe or secured, only that the risks have been fully disclosed! 5. Analysis Discussion When the U.S financial System falls down, it may bring major parts of the rest of the world down with it. The global financial crisis has opened the World eye on an important point: that the United States is still a major center of the financial world. Hence, Regional financial crises (such as the Asian financial crisis, Japans banking crisis or even the current Dubais Credit Crisis) can occur without seriously infecting the rest of the global financial system as does the United States economy. The reason behind, is that the United States is the main guarantor of the international financial system, the provider of dollars widely used as currency reserves and as an international intermediate for exchange, besides being a contributor to much of the financial capital that around the world seeking higher yields. The rest of the world may not appreciate it, but a financial crisis in the United States often takes on a global hue. To analyze the questionnaire, the researchers have used the SPSS program and the regression analysis in order to define some relationships that best help identify the problem under study. The descriptive statistical analyses questionnaire will be used, including calculations of sampling error, and statistical adjustments for unequal selection probabilities. Cross-classification analyses with demo-graphic, ANOVA, linear regression and T-Test is much more applied in order to explain some judgments. Since the researchers think that the gender is one of the independent variables that could test many hypothesis, three hypothesis were applied based on the dependant variable: First Hypothesis: There is no relationship between gender and understanding what is going on in the current financial news. Second Hypothesis: There is no relationship between gender and being informed about the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Global Financial Crisisà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?. Third Hypothesis: There is no relationship between gender and the decision that thinks of governments around the world should take in the financial sector towards their economies. The table below, represents the Statistical Data Analysis of the designed questionnaire: Table 1: SPSS Statistics for all questionnaire questions One-Sample Test    Question No.    Test Value = 0 Test Value = 0 N t df Sig. (2-tailed) Mean Difference 95% Confidence Interval of the Difference t df Sig. (2-tailed) Mean Difference 95% Confidence Interval of the Difference    Lower Upper Lower Upper Question_1 68 23.758 67 0 1.441 1.32 1.56 23.758 67 0 1.441 1.32 1.56 Question_2 68 17.636 67 0 4.206 3.73 4.68 17.636 67 0 4.206 3.73 4.68 Question_3 68 21.715 67 0 1.706 1.55 1.86 21.715 67 0 1.706 1.55 1.86 Question_4 68 22.401 67 0 3.868 3.52 4.21 22.401 67 0 3.868 3.52 4.21 Question_5 68 13.683 67 0 2.074 1.77 2.38 13.683 67 0 2.074 1.77 2.38 Question_6 68 8.596 67 0 2.029 1.56 2.5 8.596 67 0 2.029 1.56 2.5 Question_7 68 10.618 67 0 3.5 2.84 4.16 10.618 67 0 3.5 2.84 4.16 Question_8 68 17.868 67 0 2.191 1.95 2.44 17.868 67 0 2.191 1.95 2.44 Question_9 68 23.953 67 0 2.676 2.45 2.9 23.953 67 0 2.676 2.45 2.9 Question_10 68 15.557 67 0 5.059 4.41 5.71 15.557 67 0 5.059 4.41 5.71 Question_11_1 68 14.691 67 0 3.529 3.05 4.01 14.691 67 0 3.529 3.05 4.01 Question_11_2 68 18.302 67 0 4.809 4.28 5.33 18.302 67 0 4.809 4.28 5.33 Question_11_3 68 21.056 67 0 5.029 4.55 5.51 21.056 67 0 5.029 4.55 5.51 Question_11_4 68 17.835 67 0 4.426 3.93 4.92 17.835 67 0 4.426 3.93 4.92 Question_11_5 68 20.978 67 0 4.897 4.43 5.36 20.978 67 0 4.897 4.43 5.36 Question_12 68 16.241 67 0 2.735 2.4 3.07 16.241 67 0 2.735 2.4 3.07 Question_13 68 14.707 67 0 2.676 2.31 3.04 14.707 67 0 2.676 2.31 3.04 Question_14 68 26.329 67 0 2.765 2.56 2.97 26.329 67 0 2.765 2.56 2.97 Anova Model Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. 1 Regression 4.074 1 4.074 4.173 .045a Residual 64.440 66 .976       Total 68.515 67          a. Predictors: (Constant), Question_1          b. Dependent Variable: Question_8          Coefficientsa Model Unstandardized Coefficients Standardized Coefficients t Sig. B Std. Error Beta 1 (Constant) 1.481 .368    4.025 .000 Question_1 .493 .241 .244 2.043 .045 a. Dependent Variable: Question_8          Table 2: Anova statistics coefficients relationship Q1 Q8 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" Hypothesis. From the Questionnaire, we have selected the relationship among the following questions. However, Gender will always be constant. Question (1): Please indicate your gender: Male Female Question (8): In general, how knowledgeable do you consider yourself to be when it comes to understanding what is going on in the current financial news? I know enough to be able to explain whats happening in the financial industry to other people. I understand enough to make sense of the detail behind the financial news stories. I just follow the headlines but my understanding of financial news is fairly vague. I dont really understand whats going on in the financial news. Question_8: On the One-Sample Test it is showed that the Significance is = 0.00 which is less than 0.05, so we reject any initial premise that the average Question_8 is not equal to 0. Since the answer to this question fell where the value of t = 17.868, positive, meaning that people have a significant understanding and knowledge about the current financial news. About 35.3 % of the answers to question 8 went in to that both, males females find themselves having enough understanding to make sense of the detail behind the financial news stories. On lower confidence levels, 29.4% find themselves confident enough to answer bitterly regarding the financial crisis. Question (9): How informed are you about the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Global Financial Crisisà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? that is said to be impacting the U.S. economy the rest of the Globe? Very informedà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ I have actively sought additional information on this story. Somewhat informedà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ I know a bit about it, but wouldnt be able to hold my own in a conversation about it. Informedà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ Ive read/seen stories about it when Ive come across them in the news. Not informed at allà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ I dont know anything about this story. Question_9: The mean for this particular sample is 2.68, which is statistically significantly different from the test value of Zero.  34 out of 68 sample volume representing almost 50% who have been really informed to have read/seen stories about the global financial crisis when coming across it in the news. The researchers find that the relationship between gender and being informed about the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Global Financial Crisisà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? is positive with (.493) and based on the t-value of (2.043) and p-value of (0.045), this relationship is statistically significant.   Hence, there is a statistically significant positive linear relationship between people gender being informed and know ledged enough about the crisis. Question (13): What role, if any, do you think that governments around the world should take in the financial sector towards their economies? Hands onà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ the government should intervene whenever the financial sector is at risk. Intermediaryà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ the government should act as an intermediary between concerned parties. Laissez Faireà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ the government should not interfere with economic affairs beyond the minimum. Completely hands offà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ the government should let Wall Street solve its problems on its own. Case by caseà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ the government should take a case-by-case approach. ANOVAb Model Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. 1 Regression 14.714 1 14.714 7.132 .010a Residual 136.168 66 2.063       Total 150.882 67          a. Predictors: (Constant), Question_1          b. Dependent Variable: Question_13          Coefficientsa Model Unstandardized Coefficients Standardized Coefficients t Sig. B Std. Error Beta 1 (Constant) 1.326 .535    2.480 .016 Question_1 .937 .351 .312 2.671 .010 a. Dependent Variable: Question_13          Table 3: Anova statistics coefficients relationship Q1 Q13 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" Hypothesis. The relationship between gender and the choice to think of the role that governments around the world should take in the financial sector towards their economies is positive (.937). Based on the t-value (2.671) and p-value (0.010), it is to be clarified that this relationship is statistically significant.   Hence, there is a statistically significant positive linear relationship. Most of the questionnaires answer to question 13 went to choose that the role of government can be best suggested as to: Hands onà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ the government should intervene whenever the financial sector is at risk. Question (4) Which of the following best describes the highest level of education you have attained? Some high school High school graduate Some college College graduate Some post graduate studies Post graduate degree Question (13): What role, if any, do you think that governments around the world should take in the financial sector towards their economies? 1 Hands onà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ The government should intervene whenever the financial sector is at risk.    3 1 7 1 8 2 Intermediaryà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ The government should act as an intermediary between concerned parties.    2 7 3 1 2 3 Laissez Faireà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ The government should not interfere with economic affairs beyond the minimum.    3 7 4 -   1 4 Completely hands offà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ The government should let Wall Street solve its problems on its own.    1    2    -   5 Case by caseà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ The government should take a case-by-case approach. 1 2 3 4    5 Table 4: Cross Checking Analysis between Q4 Q13. To provide a better understanding of a cross classification, the table below indicates that, most of people holding a college degree, agreed with the choice that governments should intervene whenever the financial sector is at risk and in need for its support. Therefore, we see that the Global Financial Crisis can be broken down into major phases. Although each phase has a policy focus, it seemed that until t